The Four Enemies: Understanding Suffering
…
our skin dry, our back bent, our ribs showing through our
unattractive skin — quite frightening in appearance to any
onlooker. The suffering of illness is like the third enemy, who
beats the victim further, br…
This text discusses the metaphor of four enemies that represent the sufferings inherent in human existence: birth, aging, illness, and death. Birth is akin to the first enemy, seducing us into life, w