Understanding the First Noble Truth
…intments, displeasure are suffering. Impermanence, transiency, attachment to "self" are suffering.
ทุกขเวทนา painful feeling
ทุกข Critics, ทรมานกาย self-mortification
ทุกขี้ (dugati) unhappy realms…
The First Noble Truth explains that all conditioned existence is marked by suffering. This suffering encompasses various forms such as birth, aging, illness, and death. Essential concepts like attachm