หน้าหนังสือทั้งหมด

The Complex Dynamics of Iran's Nuclear Aspirations
26
The Complex Dynamics of Iran's Nuclear Aspirations
…goods or services for Iran’s conventional weapons programs and provided funding to organizations seeking to promote democracy—that is, opposed the regime—in that country. Finally, the United States starte…
…nuclear ambitions, showcasing the complex interplay of power, negotiation, and strategic decision-making in the region. Relevant discussions also took place between the U.S., Iran, and Iraq. For further i…
The Impact of U.S. Pressure on Egyptian Democratic Reform
29
The Impact of U.S. Pressure on Egyptian Democratic Reform
… the United States’ troubles in the region and the strategic leverage it gives them, rulers such as King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia and President Mubarak of Egypt have pushed for nothing less than a return …
In a speech in Cairo in June 2005, Rice underscored U.S. democratic reform measures. The U.S. reacted to Egypt's governance by canceling a free-trade agreement due to human rights concerns. While some
Political Dynamics and Sectarian Tensions in the Middle East
31
Political Dynamics and Sectarian Tensions in the Middle East
…hi’i power in the Middle East. Alarmist statements about the rise of Shi’i power were first made by King Abdullah of Jordan in December 2004. Addressing an American audience, he used the term “Shi’i Cresc…
The text discusses the complexities faced in promoting democracy in Arab nations, highlighting the influence of incumbent regimes resistant to political reform. It notes that, despite potential allies
Shi’a Discontent and Regional Dynamics in the Middle East
32
Shi’a Discontent and Regional Dynamics in the Middle East
…tly viewed Shi’a as a potential threat to its rule. Shi’a hold fewer than 20 percent of the high-ranking posts in the Bahraini government and are often turned down when they seek to join the military and …
…hrain and Saudi Arabia. In Bahrain, the ruling Sunni al-Khalifa family restricts Shi’a from high-ranking government posts and limits their electoral influence through gerrymandering. Reports indicate ongo…
Engaging Iran: A Focus on Iraq and Diplomatic Strategies
38
Engaging Iran: A Focus on Iraq and Diplomatic Strategies
…sky to deviate from this position. Iranian leaders judge that the United States, France, the United Kingdom, and others cannot impose costs great enough to compel Iran to indefinitely suspend, let alone a…
This text discusses the necessity of the U.S. focusing on Iraq to facilitate a U.S.-Iranian dialogue, aiming to retain Iraq's territorial integrity and mitigate civil conflict. It emphasizes the chall
The Characteristics of Paccekabuddhas in Apadāna Literature
65
The Characteristics of Paccekabuddhas in Apadāna Literature
…he flood of all sufferings, delighted minded, the seers of supreme welfare, comparable to siha (the king of forest), and the horn of a rhinoceros. In this verse, many words seem to carry various connotat…
The Apadāna literature highlights the characteristics of Paccekabuddhas, emphasizing their significant dhammas and independent mind. Verse 52 describes them as having great dhammas, being free from su
An Shigao and Early Chinese Meditation Techniques
120
An Shigao and Early Chinese Meditation Techniques
…uide to the earliest Chinese Buddhist translations: texts from the Eastern Han“ Dong Han” and Three Kingdoms“ San Guo” periods (International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology, Soka University, 2…
An Shigao (147-168 CE) significantly influenced the early transmission of Buddhism in China. Despite a focus on his ethnicity and translation style, he is recognized as a respected meditation master.
The Practice of Ānāpānasmṛti: Breath Meditation in Early Buddhism
127
The Practice of Ānāpānasmṛti: Breath Meditation in Early Buddhism
…onsidered,” 474. 43 Marylin M. Rhie, Early Buddhist Art of China and Central Asia: Later Han, Three Kingdoms and Western Chin in China and Bactria to Shan-shan in Central Asia (Brill, 1999), 24. Rhie stat…
…s linked to the internal and external states provides deep insights into the nature of existence, making this technique one of the most crucial in Buddhist meditation history.
ประเทศไทย: ความสำคัญในประชาคมอาเซียน
34
ประเทศไทย: ความสำคัญในประชาคมอาเซียน
…ะเทศไทย หรือที่รู้จักกันดีว่า สยามเมืองยิ้ม (Land of Smile) มีชื่ออย่างเป็นทางการคือราชอาณาจักรไทย (Kingdom of Thailand) มีเมืองหลวงคือ กรุงเทพมหานคร ซึ่งมีชื่อเต็มว่าที่สุดในโลกว่า “กรุงเทพมหานคร อมรรัตน…
ประเทศไทย หรือราชอาณาจักรไทย ถือได้ว่าเป็นหนึ่งในสมาชิกของประชาคมอาเซียน มีชื่อเป็นทางการว่า 'ราชอาณาจักรไทย' โดยมีเมืองหลวงคือ กรุงเทพมหานคร มีประชากรประมาณ 67.6 ล้านคน. กรุงทพฯ มีชื่อเต็มที่ยาวและมี
Payasi Sutta: Rebirth and Karma
6
Payasi Sutta: Rebirth and Karma
… Payasi Sutta (Rebirth and Karma) Thus have I heard. 1. The venerable Kumara Kassapa¹ was once walking on tour in Kosala together with a great company of bhikkhus, to the number of about five hundred, a…
…e Sutta unfolds, it addresses the concerns of material existence juxtaposed with spiritual truth, making it a profound exploration of Buddhist philosophy.
The Struggle with Beliefs
56
The Struggle with Beliefs
…though Master Kassapa says this, I still cannot bring myself to renounce this evil set of opinions. King Pasenadi the Kosalan knows me, and so do foreign kings, as holding to the creed and the opinion tha…
In this text, a prince named Payasi is confronted by Master Kassapa regarding his beliefs that deny the existence of an afterlife and the consequences of one's actions. Despite Kassapa's urging, Payas
Debating Beliefs and Opinions in the Pursuit of Knowledge
64
Debating Beliefs and Opinions in the Pursuit of Knowledge
…though Master Kassapa says this, I still cannot bring myself to renounce this evil set of opinions. King Pasenadi the Kosalan knows me, and so do foreign kings, as holding to the creed and the opinion tha…
บทสนทนาทางปรัชญาระหว่างเจ้าชายและผู้ใหญ่คาสซัปเกี่ยวกับความเชื่อและผลกระทบจากการยึดมั่นในความเข้าใจที่ผิด เจ้าชายพยายามเลือกที่จะไม่ละทิ้งความคิดเห็นที่อาจทำให้เขาต้องเผชิญกับการตำหนิ ความคิดนี้แสดงถึ
The Wisdom of Carrying Dung: A Parable
66
The Wisdom of Carrying Dung: A Parable
…'Even though Master Kassapa says this, I cannot bring myself to renounce this evil set of opinions. King Pasenadi the Kosalan knows me, and so do foreign kings, as holding to the creed and the opinion tha…
In this parable, a man carries a bundle of dry dung for his pigs despite ridicule. He highlights the importance of practicality over societal judgment, likening his situation to that of Prince Payasi,
Exploring Beliefs and Opinions in Life and Beyond
70
Exploring Beliefs and Opinions in Life and Beyond
…though Master Kassapa says this, I still cannot bring myself to renounce this evil set of opinions. King Pasenadi the Kosalan knows me, and so do foreign kings, as holding to the creed and the opinion tha…
…to hold onto his beliefs even amidst the wisdom of others. An illustrative simile of two friends seeking treasure in a new land is mentioned to convey deeper meanings. The tension between personal belief …
The Principles of Generosity
86
The Principles of Generosity
…r so did not prince Payasi ; and he after his death was reborn into the communion of the Four Great Kings, in the empty mansion of the Acacia. But the youth Uttara, who bestowed his gifts in the right way…
This text highlights the importance of giving in the right spirit as taught by Gavampati. It contrasts the consequences of careless giving, exemplified by prince Payasi's rebirth, with the rewarding o
The Heart of Dhammakaya Meditation
567
The Heart of Dhammakaya Meditation
…abhavyuha." Bulletin of the Asia Institute 23: 121-130. Keyes, Charles F. 1987. Thailand : Buddhist kingdom as modern nation-state. Boulder: Westview Press. Khan, M. Nasim. 2008. Kharoṣṭhī manuscripts fro…
The text discusses the essence of Dhammakaya meditation, emphasizing its relevance in achieving mindfulness and spiritual growth. The content encompasses various scholarly works and references related
Ancient Buddhist Manuscripts: Insights from Gandhara
571
Ancient Buddhist Manuscripts: Insights from Gandhara
…tory of Indian Buddhism." JDIRI 2: 1-19. Samad, Rafi U. 2011. The grandeur of Gandhara : an ancient kingdom of Pakistan. New York: Algora Pub. Sander, Lore, and Ernst Waldschmidt. 1980. Sanskrithandschrif…
This text provides an overview of various scholarly works focusing on ancient Buddhist manuscripts from Gandhara. Researchers like Richard Salomon and others have contributed to understanding these te
การแปลและพระอรรถกถาต้นแบบในจีน
158
การแปลและพระอรรถกถาต้นแบบในจีน
…ang 康孟祥) 31 Rhie, Marylin M. 1999. Early Buddhist Art of China and Central Asia: Later Han, Three Kingdoms and Western Chin in China and Bactria to Shanshan in Central Asia. Leiden: Brill. p.23-24 32 …
บทความนี้สำรวจทฤษฎีการแปลและการปฏิบัติของศาสนาพุทธในจีน รวมถึงชีวประวัติของพระอรหันต์หลายท่าน ซึ่งมีบทบาทสำคัญในการแปลคัมภีร์พุทธศาสนาให้เป็นภาษาจีน โดยเฉพาะในช่วงสามก๊กและราชวงศ์ฮั่น ตัวอย่างแห่งคัมภ
The Virtue of Abounding and Gifts of Integrity
16
The Virtue of Abounding and Gifts of Integrity
…s. And not from anywhere does destruction come to his property- whether from fire, from water, from kings, from thieves, or from hateful heirs. "These five are a person of integrity's gifts."
ในซัททะซัปปุริสฎานา สุตตา กล่าวถึงความสำคัญของการให้ในฤดูกาลที่ถูกต้อง ความมีน้ำใจในการให้ สิ่งที่ต้องไม่ส่งผลกระทบต่อผู้อื่นและตนเอง และผลที่ตามมาในด้านความมั่งคั่งและทรัพย์สิน ไม่ว่าจะมาจากอัคคี, น้
The Viewer of Absouving
98
The Viewer of Absouving
…development. After death he is born with the gods of the thirty - three There, bhikkhus, Sakka the king of gods in ten instances exceeds the thirty - three gods by doing exceeding meritorious actions fou…
ในข้อความนี้กล่าวถึงบุคคลที่ทำบุญและการให้ในชีวิตปัจจุบัน โดยเน้นการทำบุญที่เกิดจากการให้และคุณธรรมเขาไม่ได้ตื่นจากการทำบุญที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการพัฒนา หลังจากตายเขาจะเกิดในโลกของเทพเจ้า 33 พระเจ้าสักกะเห