The New Middle East: Democracy vs. Stability
22 THE NEW MIDDLE EAST
few, limited in scope, carried out only when allowed by incumbent regimes, and dropped quickly when governments objected.
After September 11, President Bush openly repudiated th
…trasted sharply with the realities of electoral outcomes in the region. The U.S. faced a dilemma as efforts to promote democracy often resulted in the rise of Islamist groups, leading to a reassessment of r…