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…to win the 2005 parliamentary elections shattered the illusion that it was committed to political reform and good government. Meanwhile, Hizbollah stuck to its alliance with Syria, despite apparent Syrian…

…alities of Syria's authoritarian regime under Bashar al-Assad, the failed attempts for democratic reforms post-Cedar Revolution, and the pragmatic nature of Syrian foreign policy which continues to evolve…

…r. This transition in Syria coincided with a change on the U.S. side, namely the replacement of the formulation of policy toward Syria in old Middle East hands, willing to accept Syria as a troublesome bu…

The text explores the evolving relationship between Syria and the United States, highlighting key moments such as the leadership transition from Hafez al-Assad to Bashar al-Assad, the impact of the Ir

…arliament and Amal leader Nabih Berri, and a new indirect supporter in the Christian community, the formerly anti-Syrian general Michel Aoun. Through Hizbollah and these two figures, the pro-Syrian opposi…

The text discusses the political realities of Lebanon following Syria's withdrawal and the influence of Hizbollah and other political factions. Despite Syrian troop withdrawal, control issues persist,

port they enjoyed, gave names to the rival groupings: the March14 anti-Syrian forces and the March 8 pro-Syrian forces. The March 14 demonstrations, which in the U.S. narrative became the Cedar Revolu

…March 8 forces. It outlines how elections exacerbated sectarian tensions and led to difficulties in forming a governing coalition, particularly after key figures shifted alliances. The situation was furth…

… so sufficiently to allow for any meaningful diplomatic process. The most promising development—the formation of a national unity government and the willingness of Hamas to allow Abu Mazin to negotiate—wa…

The text discusses the complications surrounding the Palestinian legislative elections and the subsequent U.S. effort to undermine the democratic outcome, particularly emphasizing the Bush administrat

… and facilitate negotiations. The Clinton administration followed this path in almost unadulterated form, leaving the negotiation of final status issues until the year before it left office—and then avoid…

The text examines the U.S. diplomatic strategies regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, particularly during the Bush administration's attempt to revitalize the peace process under challenging cir

…s the core of the opposition in most Arab countries. Paradoxically, the possibility of democratic reform now depends to a great extent on Islamist parties and movements. The question often posed is whethe…

…ve social attitudes limit their political expression. A failure in constituency-building has caused former secular supporters to shift towards Islamist movements. As a result, Islamist parties now dominat…

…e short run by incumbent regimes that have no interest in jeopardizing their own power. So-called reformers in the ruling establishments only want economic reform and administrative modernization, not civ…

…democracy in Arab nations, highlighting the influence of incumbent regimes resistant to political reform. It notes that, despite potential allies among Islamist movements, the U.S. often views them as thr…

…son not in democracy so much as in the power of numbers in elections. None of this amounts to the formation of a Shi’i crescent. Mobilization so far has been confined within the borders of existing nati…

…ia, while some Shi’i groups engage in parliamentary politics. The text highlights the challenges of forming a transnational Shi’i movement and the activism aimed primarily at combating socioeconomic discr…

…clear deterrent. Instead of shunning Iran, confronting it militarily, or attempting to change its form of government, the United States should attempt to formulate a nuanced engagement policy in concert…

…pproach is essential for long-term stability in Iraq, Iran, and the broader Middle East. For more information, visit dmc.tv.

… is no common ground between Washington and Tehran on that problem. Iran’s fractious leadership has formed a consensus to resist outside pressure to relinquish its claimed right to enrich uranium. Such co…

…ircumstances. Engaging Iran is not equivalent to appeasement and could pave the way for political reform in Tehran if handled with careful diplomacy and confidence-building measures. The U.S. must acknowl…

…n ready to welcome it. **Finding a Way Forward for Iraq and a Way Out for the United States** The formulation of a new policy on Iraq must start from an admission that the political process of realignme…

This text discusses the necessity for strategic dialogue between the U.S. and Iran, emphasizing the importance of Iran's willingness to modify its policies. It asserts that the U.S. should provide Ira

…e United States has tried to restore that balance through its own presence in Iraq and by trying to form an anti-Iranian alliance. Arab countries, especially those around the Gulf, have been searching for…

…ally rebuilding trust and fostering cooperative dialogues among the varied stakeholders. For more information, visit dmc.tv.

…he region. This can be achieved by supporting the election of a compromise president as part of the formation of an inclusive national unity government, the drafting of a new election law, and the holding…

This text discusses the changing power dynamics in the Middle East, particularly the region's responses to Iranian influence and the evolving role of the U.S. Historically reliant on American support,

…ราะฉะนั้นเราเป็นคนดีนะคะ *Note: The textual content contains some repetitive sections and possible formatting artifacts, such as quotation marks and line breaks.*

เนื้อหานี้เน้นถึงความสำคัญของการฝึกใจและการทำความดีในชีวิตประจำวัน โดยการเรียนรู้จากคำสอนของพระอาจารย์และการแบ่งปันความดีให้กับคนรอบข้าง จะช่วยให้เราเข้าใจความสุขที่แท้จริง อาจารย์ได้ย้ำว่าความสุขในใจ

WORLD FELLOWSHIP OF BUDDHIST YOUTH 61/6 Benajamin Park, Sukhumvit 24 Bangkok, Thailand 10110 Tel +66 87 502 6358 Fax +662 534 0270 November 13th, 2012 Our Ref: WFBY 36/2555 Mr Gwang-Jo Kim DIRECTO

The World Fellowship of Buddhist Youth (WFBY) has formally requested UNESCO to intervene against the planned copper mining at Mes Aynak, a site of crucial…

…ripts Program that inspires our team and shares knowhow on how to preserve manuscripts in a digital form, which last much longer than microfilm. Acknowledgement must be given and appreciation shown to the…

On August 27, 2012, the Dhammachai International Research Institute (DIRI) marked the 44th anniversary of Luang Phaw Dhammajayo's ordination and the significant Buddhajayanti 2600. This inaugural rese

…ologies, as well as presenting exoteric notions from the vināya, the suttas and the abhidhamma. The former present researchers with the opportunity to examine early palm-leaf versions of canonical texts, …

This collection of articles marks the launch of the JDIRI, showcasing perspectives on Early Buddhism and meditation studies. The journal aims to publish research on ancient manuscripts and esoteric pr

…n of the same sort of qualities as those possessed by the Buddha”. The transcendent paths that transform the ordinary person (puthajāna) into the enlightened ‘noble one’ belong to a whole spiritual proces…

…n to nourishment from milk. It connects the concepts found in the Agañña-sutta, illustrating a transformative rebirth to a transcendental state resembling Buddha-like qualities. Dr. Joe Zhou Ya discusses …

…early that of Dham Lanna, one wonders if some parts of the manuscripts come from Muang Nandaburi, a former name of Nan province, in northern Thailand. Two hypotheses can be considered, as shown in the fo…

This text examines the Nong Pa Fa Cave manuscripts, highlighting their writing style as Dham Lanna. It raises questions about their origins, specifically whether part of these manuscripts originate fr