Daoist Meditation in the Eastern Han Period
…si 存思, or “focusing and observing,” shouyi 守一, or “observe on one,” xingqi 行氣, or “circulating qi,” fuqi 服氣, or “consuming qi,” taixi 胎息, or “fetus breathing,” tunai 吐納, or “expelling the old breath and…
In the Eastern Han period around 148 CE, Daoist meditation practices already existed, with references found in ancient texts like the Tao Te Ching. Practitioners sought immortality through various tec