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**1. Saccaṇāṇa:** This first cycle of examination of the knowledge of the Four Noble Truths established the knowledge of the Truth of their Existence. Thus he was to find out: 'this is the Noble Truth

This text outlines the process of examining the Four Noble Truths in Buddhism through three cycles: Saccaṇāṇa…

… lightenment that ‘Whatever is of the nature of arising, has the nature of cessation’ and in his context, he saw that his own aggregates were of such a nature — all of the nature of arising and cessation.…

This text discusses the pivotal moment when Koṇḍañña achieved enlightenment after listening to the Buddha’s t…

the harmfulness of the extremes of sensual indulgence and self-mortification, and advocated the following of the Middle Way or Noble Eightfold Path, the ‘group of five’, especially Keṇḍāṇa who was mos

This text discusses the risks associated with extreme sensual indulgence and self-mortification, underscoring…

Commentorial Metaphors: Indulgence in sensual pleasures: 1. A pig content to wallow in dung: Indulging in sensual pleasures is rather like a pig, which spends all its life wallowing in the warm mud an

This text delves into various metaphors that depict the indulgence in sensual pleasures as detrimental and un…

used to rinse a toilet or the toilet bowl itself, which is soiled with excrement. He also compared the pleasures of the senses to human faces which dogs like to spend their time sniffing. Thus, the Lo

In this text, the Buddha emphasizes the folly of indulging in sensory pleasures, likening them to dangerous path…

If it happens that his wealth is taken away in taxes, or stolen by robbers, or damaged by fire or floods, or frittered away by fraudulent enemies then that person will be sorrowful, suffering in body

This text discusses the sorrow and suffering resulting from the attachment to wealth and sensual pleasures, h…

O! Monks! Some warriors go to the trouble to erect defences of brick and mortar to stop their enemies being able to climb over, they fill their arsenals full of weapons. However, if the enemy should p

This text discusses how attachment to sense pleasures leads to various forms of suffering and wrongdoing. It …

It is for this reason that the Lord Buddha should want to start his sermon by instructing the ‘group of five’ that indulgence of the senses is unsuitable, base, ignoble, without benefit, unsuitable fo

In this text, Lord Buddha teaches that indulgence of the senses is unsuitable for a Buddhist monk and should be …

Commentorial Metaphors: Self-mortification: 1. Sugar-cane juice and poison: It can be compared to a mixture of sugar-cane juice and poison. In the end such practices will lead to death, and all for no

This text presents a series of metaphors illustrating the perils of self-mortification. Comparing self-harm t…

sense of security, but in the end, he will surely take advantage of us and leave us decapitated in the jungle. It is for all of these reasons that the Lord Buddha taught that self-mortification is a n

The text discusses self-mortification as a non-Buddhist and dangerous practice, as taught by the Buddha. It …

subtle defilements¹ [anusaya]. 2.1 Right Intention (mundane): At low level Right Inten- tion means having the wholesome intention to be generous, keep the Five Precepts, renounce the world to become a

This text discusses key aspects of Buddhist practice, specifically focusing on Right Intention and Right Spee…

the monk's equivalent of Right Livelihood, by avoiding such evils as fortune telling, sacrifices or interpreting dreams, because these are all 'low arts'[tiracchānavijjā]. The Buddha even prohibited m

This text discusses the Buddha's teachings on Right Livelihood, emphasizing the avoidance of 'low arts' such …

1. mindfulness of the body [kāyunupassanāsatipaṭṭhāna]: Continuously seeing and knowing the body in the body — that is to see and know the subtle inner bodies that lie hidden within our physical body:

This text delves into the four foundations of mindfulness (satipaṭṭhāna) in Buddhism. It teaches practitioner…

depressed and dejected. 1.1.8 Feeling slighted [domanassa] : This is when one has a 'chip on one's shoulder' (to be aggressively sensitive about a particular thing or bear a grudge). 1.1.9 Bemoani

This text explores the concept of suffering as taught by the Buddha, outlining twelve types of suffering incl…

1.3. Suffering as an affliction This third meaning of suffering shows the direct inter-rela- tion with the fourth Noble Truth of the Path of Practice for an end of suffering. That suffering is an affl

This text discusses the nature of suffering in Buddhism, emphasizing its inter-relation with the cessation of…

sensuality. In this way, the Buddha shows the inter-relation between the Noble Truth of the Cessation of Suffering and the Noble Eightfold Path. 3. Explanation of the Noble Truth of the Cessation of S

This text delves into the Noble Truth of the Cessation of Suffering as per the teachings of the Buddha. It de…

"The wise one who trains himself [yoĝāvācara] should see that the builder is ‘Craving’ who fashions the home that is the physical body of each and every living being, to keep those living beings being

This text delves into the teachings of the Buddha regarding the nature of craving as the cause of suffering a…

Those who are wise and endowed with Right View will see the dangerous reality of craving, and not delay in practising the Noble Eightfold Path as a vessel to take them beyond the Sea of Worldliness. 4

This text discusses the importance of the Noble Eightfold Path as a means to transcend worldly cravings and a…

by reflecting on Suffering's meaning at 2, 3 and 4 in that order. As for the the meaning at 2, even though it is con- cerned with the Noble Truth of Suffering, it has implications reaching to the Orig

The text reflects on the meanings of Suffering within Buddhism, particularly its Noble Truths. It discusses …

The OCR result from the image reads: --- **4 The Noble Truth of Suffering** Every living being is a victim of suffering The Lord Buddha explained the nature of suffering in detail. The Pali word for

The text delves into the concept of suffering, known as *dukkha*, as articulated by the Lord Buddha. It defi…