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Realities of the New Middle East: The Two-State Solution
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Realities of the New Middle East: The Two-State Solution
REALITIES OF THE NEW MIDDLE EAST 15 tion of the international consensus, obscures a deeper problem: realities on the ground have already destroyed much of the viability of the two-state solution. The
…tained U.S. diplomatic initiatives and the fragmentation of Palestinian governance pose significant challenges to any prospective peace negotiations. As the U.S. grapples with these dynamics, the failure to ada…
Challenges in U.S. Policy Toward Palestinian Elections
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Challenges in U.S. Policy Toward Palestinian Elections
Palestinian legislative elections to proceed credibly — but then led to an immediate American effort to overturn the result through any possible means. The Bush administration’s short attention span f
…xt points out the lack of united Arab support crucial for a new diplomatic process, referencing the challenges inherited by subsequent administrations while outlining the current political landscape.
Realties of the New Middle East
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Realties of the New Middle East
REALTIES OF THE NEW MIDDLE EAST 21 otherwise unwelcome consequences..... And another message should be equally clear: leaders who abandon the pursuit of chemical, biological and nuclear weapons, and
This text discusses the complexities and challenges in the New Middle East, particularly regarding nuclear ambitions of countries like Saudi Arabia and…
The New Middle East: Democracy vs. Stability
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The New Middle East: Democracy vs. Stability
22 THE NEW MIDDLE EAST few, limited in scope, carried out only when allowed by incumbent regimes, and dropped quickly when governments objected. After September 11, President Bush openly repudiated th
…il access and Israel's security, caused a retreat to old policies. This ambivalence illustrates the challenges of reconciling democracy promotion with national security needs, especially amidst unstable politic…
The Impact of U.S. Pressure on Egyptian Democratic Reform
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The Impact of U.S. Pressure on Egyptian Democratic Reform
Rice gave a more detailed explanation of the American approach to democratic reform in a speech in Cairo in June 2005. In January 2006, the United States went further: it canceled a meeting planned to
…. criticism on domestic democracy issues. Moreover, attempts to encourage bottom-up democracy faced challenges, as Islamist parties outperformed secular ones, revealing the weaknesses within the latter. Electio…
Political Dynamics and Sectarian Tensions in the Middle East
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Political Dynamics and Sectarian Tensions in the Middle East
retrenchment into a more ideological posture by a movement that has sought, but has so far been denied, a legitimate political role. The adoption and subsequent abandonment of the freedom agenda broug
…nd the notion of a 'Shi’i Crescent' proposed by Middle Eastern leaders. The analysis emphasizes the challenges of shifting political identities and alliances amidst growing sectarian divisions and varying level…
Discontent and Political Activism Among Shi’i Minorities
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Discontent and Political Activism Among Shi’i Minorities
Discrimination inevitably breeds discontent and resentment, and those certainly exist among Shi’i minorities in the Gulf and, of course, in Lebanon. The real question, however, is whether this resentm
…and Saudi Arabia, while some Shi’i groups engage in parliamentary politics. The text highlights the challenges of forming a transnational Shi’i movement and the activism aimed primarily at combating socioeconom…
Iran and Sunni Relations in the Middle East
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Iran and Sunni Relations in the Middle East
Although Iran is a center around which Shi’i resentment could coalesce, two factors reduce the likelihood that the Tehran regime will encourage such a development. One is that Iran aspires to be the c
The complexities of Iran's relationship with Sunni states underscore the ongoing challenges in Middle Eastern diplomacy. Iran seeks to be a leader in the region, supporting not only Shiite fa…
The Quest for Peace: The Two-State Solution in the Israel-Palestine Conflict
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The Quest for Peace: The Two-State Solution in the Israel-Palestine Conflict
Israel and Palestine U.S. core interests in the region include peace between Israelis and Palestinians, which would have as a corollary peace between Israel and all Arab countries. The only solution
…for Israel and partial fulfillment of Palestinian goals, the path to implementation is fraught with challenges. Actions that undermine peace, such as settlement expansion by Israel, must be halted, necessitatin…
Navigating the Complexities of U.S.-Middle East Relations
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Navigating the Complexities of U.S.-Middle East Relations
But it is impossible to turn back the clock to more propitious circumstances. The biggest tension—between integrating Hamas and denying the movement its proclaimed goal of destroying Israel—can only b
The text discusses the challenges of integrating Hamas while managing its actions against Israel. It stresses the importance of regio…
The Evolving Dynamics of Power in the Middle East
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The Evolving Dynamics of Power in the Middle East
36 THE NEW MIDDLE EAST restoring a balance of power that is not entirely dependent on a long-term, large U.S. military presence with its financial costs and negative political perceptions in the regi
…ragmatic approach to U.S. policy, advocating for support of Lebanese reconciliation despite ongoing challenges with Iranian-backed factions. The emphasis is on regional self-determination and the importance of …
Exploration of Pāli Manuscripts in Laos
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Exploration of Pāli Manuscripts in Laos
The journal begins with Anatole-Roger Peltier's article on his investigations of a wooden chest containing palm-leaf manuscripts that were recently discovered in a cave in the Khammouan province of La
…ntrasrisalai examines interpretations of dhammakāya, dissecting its components dhamma and kāya. She challenges previous scholarly assumptions by offering new insights from the Apadāna discourses, showing the te…
Understanding Dhammakāya in Early Buddhist Thought
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Understanding Dhammakāya in Early Buddhist Thought
II. The Different Approach A fairly established academic understanding has settled regarding the term dhammakāya in the Pali canon, that it was used merely in the sense of the ‘Buddha’s teachings.’ In
…n ancient Gandhāri manuscripts. Distinguishing genuine canonical content from later additions poses challenges. The varied interpretations of 'dhammakāya,' both in scholarly discourse and traditional understand…
The Imminent Extinction of Palm-Leaf Manuscripts in Sipsong Panna
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The Imminent Extinction of Palm-Leaf Manuscripts in Sipsong Panna
III The Problem of the Imminent Extinction of Palm-Leaf Manuscripts in Sipsong Panna Buddhism in Sipsong Panna is characterised by its manuscript culture. However, today the number of the palm-leaf m
…reasons include the autonomous nature of Dai Buddhism, lack of centralized archives, and geographic challenges in sourcing materials. Interviews reveal the absence of cataloging systems, leading to scattered ma…
Eastern Han Buddhist Meditation and Daoism
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Eastern Han Buddhist Meditation and Daoism
Eastern Han Buddhist meditation and Daoism By the middle of the first century CE, a Buddhist community was already in existence in China, and growing. The arrival of translators from Central Asia and
…ranslators arriving from Central Asia and India to convert texts into Chinese. They initially faced challenges in accurately conveying Buddhist concepts, often using Daoist terminology for clarity. Notable was …
Payasi Sutta: Rebirth and Karma
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Payasi Sutta: Rebirth and Karma
This Life Next Life Payasi Sutta (Rebirth and Karma) Thus have I heard. 1. The venerable Kumara Kassapa¹ was once walking on tour in Kosala together with a great company of bhikkhus, to the number o
…utta recounts the teachings of venerable Kumara Kassapa during his time in Setavya. It narrates the challenges faced by Payasi, a chieftain in this city, as he grapples with misconceptions about rebirth and kar…
The Examination of Moral Consequences
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The Examination of Moral Consequences
6. ' Even though Master Kassapa says thus, it still appears to me that not one of these things exists. ' ' Have you, Prince, any proof to establish that they do not exist ? ' ' I have, Master Kassapa.
…ng the potential rebirth into suffering for those who have broken ethical precepts. The protagonist challenges the spiritual views of wanderers and brahmins regarding morality and its effects, urging accountabi…
Exploration of Rebirth and Justice
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Exploration of Rebirth and Justice
' There is another world, there is rebirth not of parents, there is fruit and result of deeds well - done and ill - done. ` You, sirs, are for me trustworthy and reliable, and what you say you have se
…the actions of executioners in handling a felon. It reflects on trust in the information shared and challenges the validity of beliefs in rebirth and moral repercussions. The engagement raises fundamental quest…
Questioning the Existence of a Spiritual Realm
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Questioning the Existence of a Spiritual Realm
10. 'Even though Master Kassapa says so, it still appears to me that not one of these things exists. ' 'Have you any further evidence, prince ?' . . . 'I have, Master Kassapa. ' 'As how ? ' 'Here it i
In a thought-provoking dialogue, a prince challenges Master Kassapa's assertions about the existence of a spiritual realm. The prince draws upon persona…
The Illusion of the Soul
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The Illusion of the Soul
Inflict on him what penalty you wish. " And I should say: - " Well then, my masters, throw this man alive into a jar; close the mouth of it and cover it over with wet leather, put over that a thick ce
In this dialogue, the speaker challenges beliefs about the soul and an afterlife through a vivid imagery of a man's punishment. A scenario i…