Lebanon : ​ค้นหาหนังสือธรรมะ

… mending its fences with other Arab states, although there was no obvious change in its position on Lebanon. While it was unclear how much Syria was willing to compromise on other issues to get back its terr…

The text discusses the political realities of Lebanon following Syria's withdrawal and the influence of Hizbollah and other political factions. Despite S…

…ah and the Syrian regime, seen as proxies for Iran and its policy of regional domination. The Syria–Lebanon cluster, in this view, is at the center of two broader struggles, one between democracy and tyranny…

This content discusses the influence of Syria and Iran on Lebanon's political environment, particularly the roles of the March 8 forces led by Hizbollah, and the Mar…

…istian community with him. As had happened many times before, attempts at unity and independence in Lebanon were doomed by internal rivalries and poor leadership. The situation was made worse by the 2006 sum…

This text discusses the political dynamics in Lebanon following the Cedar Revolution, highlighting the division between the anti-Syrian March 14 coalitio…

…Syria's opposition to U.S. power in the region, its alliance with Iran, its continued occupation of Lebanon, and its support for Hizbollah and militant Palestinian groups, and decided not to cut the Syrian r…

…har al-Assad, the impact of the Iraq War, and Syria's strategic alliances with Iran and its role in Lebanon. The U.S. shifted its policy towards Syria, moving from acceptance to confrontation due to Syria's …

…oscow to discuss, among other issues, a large Saudi purchase of Russian weapons. U.S. policy toward Lebanon and Syria, elevated in recent years to the status of a confrontation between democracy and autocrac…

…ntation against countries like Syria. U.S. involvement should focus on encouraging compromise among Lebanon's political factions to seek a more unified governance structure.

…he idea was summarized in a statement by Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice during the war between Lebanon and Israel in the summer of 2006. Pushing Israel to accept a cease-fire, she argued, would not help…

…at while some regimes faced challenges, including Syria's diminished role after its withdrawal from Lebanon, the threat of nuclear proliferation and ethnic conflicts has emerged as critical issues. A nuanced…

…sition groups, and facilitate Hizbollah’s transformation into a “mere political organization within Lebanon” in the framework of an overall agreement. For a variety of reasons, the United States chose not to…

…egion. The text further mentions the perceived dichotomy in U.S. foreign policy regarding Syria and Lebanon's political landscape. For more insights, visit dmc.tv.

failed to attract a substantial following. Finally, the growing importance of Hizbollah in Lebanon is probably another factor. Hizbollah has become not only a domestic player capable of paralyzing t…

…countries, including Iran, Iraq, and Bahrain. While Hizbollah has established a notable position in Lebanon, Shi’a populations in other Arab nations face systemic discrimination, particularly in Bahrain and …

…ent and resentment, and those certainly exist among Shi’i minorities in the Gulf and, of course, in Lebanon. The real question, however, is whether this resentment has translated into greater political activ…

The text examines the roots of resentment among Shi’i minorities in the Gulf and Lebanon, noting its implications for political activism. Discrimination and resentment have led to instance…

… few years. Developments in the Iran–Iraq cluster present significant threats to U.S. security. The Lebanon–Syria cluster is not as threatening, but it has become a highly unstable area that affects the surr…

…e U.S. faces significant challenges in the Middle East with three clusters of countries: Iran-Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, and the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. The ongoing tensions with Iran, alongside U.S. opposit…

…licy must be not simply to corner and threaten Syria, but to convince it to end its spoiler role in Lebanon and encourage it to put some distance between itself and Iran. **The Issue of Democracy** We hav…

…rd Syria, recognizing its limited ambitions while encouraging a shift away from its spoiler role in Lebanon and alignment with Iran. It further critiques the American approach to democracy promotion in the M…

…ad in December 2007 that his patience was running out regarding Syria's meddling in the politics of Lebanon. The statement implied a threat—Bush had warned Saddam Hussein that his patience was running out sh…

The Bush administration's policies have complicated the realities in the Middle East. A new approach is needed, prioritizing diplomacy and a clear understanding of U.S. limits in the region. Confronta

…and the realities of the new Middle East as it is now. The three clusters of countries — Iran–Iraq, Lebanon–Syria, Palestine–Israel — and three critical, cross-cutting issues — nuclear proliferation, sectari…

The new Middle East is defined by three country clusters: Iran–Iraq, Lebanon–Syria, and Palestine–Israel, intertwined with issues such as nuclear proliferation and sectarianism…

…ents iv A Changed Region 1 The Realities of the New Middle East 4 The Iran–Iraq Cluster 4 The Syria–Lebanon Cluster 10 The Israeli–Palestinian Conflict 14 The Problem of Nuclear Proliferation 18 The Failure …

…ansformed landscape of the Middle East, analyzing key conflicts in regions such as Iran-Iraq, Syria-Lebanon, and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. It addresses crucial issues such as nuclear proliferation an…

… Arab Human Development Report remains as large as ever.6 Only three Arab regimes—those in Bahrain, Lebanon, and Yemen—showed any improvement on the Freedom House index between 2002 and 2006, moving from “no…

This text discusses the complexities and challenges in the New Middle East, particularly regarding nuclear ambitions of countries like Saudi Arabia and Egypt, and the decline of the U.S. freedom agend

…ght unpleasant (but largely predictable) results, the freedom agenda receded. Elections in Iraq and Lebanon deepened sectarian divisions; in Egypt and Palestine they allowed Islamists to show the depth of th…

This text discusses the shift in U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East following the September 11 attacks. President Bush's declaration of aligning American values of freedom and security contrasted

…all Islamist parties are alike. Some maintain an armed wing—all Shi’i parties in Iraq, Hizbollah in Lebanon, Hamas in Palestine. While these parties have not used force in the election process, their armed w…

In Arab societies, secular opposition has struggled against longstanding authoritarian regimes that repress liberal ideologies, while conservative social attitudes limit their political expression. A

…there is a great deal of discontent among Shi’a, particularly in the Gulf countries and, of course, Lebanon, as already discussed, such discontent is not likely to translate into a grand regional alliance do…

The text discusses the complexities faced in promoting democracy in Arab nations, highlighting the influence of incumbent regimes resistant to political reform. It notes that, despite potential allies

…xt of a new balance of power, de-escalating the confrontation with Syria and defusing the crisis in Lebanon. Dealing With Iran and the Nuclear Issue Due in no small part to Bush administration policies, …

This text argues that U.S. policies in the Middle East must shift to address underlying political issues to effectively curb terrorism and ensure oil flow. It outlines critical tasks for U.S. engageme

…es Foundation and from 1989 to 1999 he founded and directed the Lebanese Center for Policy Studies, Lebanon’s leading public policy think tank. He is a regular commentator on television, radio, and in print …

This section highlights the contributions of key authors associated with the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Marina Ottaway, a senior associate, leads the Democracy and Rule of Law Program