4 ครั้ง
This text emphasizes that true refuge lies not in people, animals, or material possessions, which are all temporary and changeable. Instead, the lasting refuge is found in the Triple Gem: Buddha, Dhamma, and Sangha, which possess characteristics of permanence and true bliss. Even celestial bodies like the sun and stars are inadequate as they too will cease to exist. The Buddha’s insights pervade beyond the realms of existence, revealing that these eternal truths exist within every individual, providing a path to ultimate refuge.
-importance of true refuge
-the nature of impermanence
-Buddha's teachings
-Three Gems in Buddhism
-pursuit of eternal happiness