Understanding Craving in Buddhism : หน้า 82/263

knowledge of such ascetics are the Formless Brahma Realms — knowledge gained as the result of developing the formless absorptions [arûpajhâna]. Such ascetics misunderstand that being reborn in the Formless Brahmā world will release them from suffering — thus all their time in the human world is spent trying to develop the formless absorptions in order to try to be born in the Formless Brahmā Realms. Such an attitude is one driven by craving for the Formless Brahmā world and the Lord Buddha enumerated it as one of the Noble Truths of the Origin of Suffering. The wise recognize these three forms of craving as the Noble Truth of the Origin of Suffering because they are the prime mover for all subsequent forms of suffering. Craving for sense pleasure is the origin of all the suffering connected with rebirth in the Sphere of Sensual Pleasure. Craving for the Brahmā world or the Formless Brahmā World are the origins of all the suffering connected with rebirth in the Spheres of the Form-Brahmās and the Formless-Brahmās respectively. It is for this reason that craving is explained as being the sole cause of all forms of suffering — suffering cannot be blamed on any other thing. If craving can be avoided, the suffering of birth, old age and death will be escaped. Craving has been responsible since the beginning of time for keeping beings in the endless cycle of birth and rebirth in the cycle of existence without offering any possible refuge. It is for this reason that craving has been called ‘samudaya’ the Noble Truth of the Origin of Suffering. **Craving for Sense Pleasure leads to the Hell Realms** The origin of craving is the desire of the unwholesome mind — and following such craving leads to evil acts. Desire was